The results of a study of the territory and hidden structure of the buildings of the Spaso-Kamenny Preobrazhenskii Monastery on Kamenny Island in Lake Kubenskoye are presented. The monastery, a cultural heritage site, was founded in 1260. The main purpose of the study was the basements of a bomb exploded in the mid-1930s Preobrazhenskii Cathedral of Monastery. According to the chronicles,...
Pham K.T.1,2,3*, Nezvanov A.Yu.3, Muzychka A.Yu.3
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Department of Fundamental and Applied Problems of Microworld Physics, Landau Phystech School of Physics and Research, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141701, Institutskiy Pereulok, 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Oblast, Russia
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Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute, 59 Ly Thuong Kiet, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
3....
The use of ultracold neutrons (UCNs) creates new opportunities for experiments to study the fundamental properties of the neutron. The use of superfluid helium for converting cold neutrons into ultracold one is very promising. It is based on the accumulation of UCNs in superfluid helium due to the properties of this quantum liquid.
Our UCN source aims to obtain a record UCN density of 2200...
The neutron instrument complex "Neutron Beta Decay" will be located on the beam of polarized cold neutrons on the GEK-3 N0 channel. The installation is designed to measure the asymmetries of neutron beta decay with a relative accuracy of 0.1%. The basis of the installation is a superconducting solenoid that creates a magnetic field in a uniform region of 0.35 T. Electrons and protons appeared...
The optical scheme of the channel based on two magnetic horns for the formation of neutrino beams with a narrow energy spectrum at the U–70 accelerator complex for the P2O experiment is considered, the far detector of which is located at a distance of 2595 km from the end of the decay channel. To select the required momentum interval of π-mesons, we propose using two dipole magnets with...
The NICA accelerator complex (JINR) includes a Heavy ion linear accelerator (HILAC) designed for injection of heavy ions (with the mass to charge ratio A/Z ≤ 6.35) into the storage synchrotron-Booster. Commissioning sessions with accelerated Xe28+ ions showed insufficient beam intensity of the required heavy ion beam parameters for experiments in the Collider. A multiple injection technology...
Double Side Silicon Detector (DSSD) based spectrometer of the DGFRS-2 setup has been applied in a different heavy ion induced complete fusion nuclear reactions leading to formation of superheavy nuclei. Nuclear reactions with $^{48}$Ca, $^{40}$Ar, $^{54}$Cr, $^{50}$Ti projectiles were used [1, 2]. Materials of $^{206}$Pb, $^{nat}$Yb, $^{232}$Th, $^{238}$U, $^{242}$Pu, $^{243}$Am were used as...
Noble element detectors (two-phase emission detectors, liquid phase-only detectors, etc.) have many applications in modern research.
For example, they are broadly used in dark matter registration, non-standard neutrino interactions searches and even Standard Model processes observation (for example, coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) studies). Modeling signal generation from...
The new hybrid system of the forward detectors called the Fast Interaction Trigger (FIT) was developed and integrated with the ALICE experimental setup at the LHC during LS2 (2019 – 2022). It consists of separate arrays of counters – FT0, FV0 and FDD, using different techniques of charged particles detection. FIT is the primary online ALICE trigger. It produces low latency (<425 ns) minimum...
Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) are used in the muon system of the CMS experiment (CERN). There are four muon stations on both endcaps consisting of 540 CSCs operating with 40%Ar+50%CO2+10%CF4 gas mixture. The chamber longevity study is particularly important in anticipation of the future LHC upgrade into HL-LHC and the scheduled upgrade of the CMS detector which will result in a significant...
A gaseous beam monitor utilizing gas electron multiplier (GEM) and pixel sensors is being developed for the Cooling Storage Ring (CSR) external-target experiment (CEE) at Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL). The beam monitor is mainly used to track each beam particle, providing an accurate reconstruction of the primary vertex of the collision. Two generations of the pixel sensors...
The world’s largest vertical coordinate detector TREK is assembled at MEPhI, it consists of 264 drift chambers and covers an area of 250 m$^2$. TREK along with Cherenkov water calorimeter NEVOD can estimate the specific energy deposit in water of muon component in inclined extensive air showers (EAS). This is necessary to resolve the muon puzzle: the deficit in the number of cosmic ray muons...
In our work we investigated application of artificial neural networks to event-wise analysis of heavy ion collisions data. We focused on solving the problem of impact parameter evaluation and estimation of collision vertex coordinate, using simulated data from a microchannel plate detector (MCP) [1] for potential use in NICA collider experiments [2]. Our study reveals, that such a technique...
The TAIGA-HiSCORE setup is an array of wide-angle Cherenkov detectors. It contains more than a hundred stations located in the Tunka Valley. The effective area of the setup is about 1 sq. km. The HiSCORE setup is designed to register cosmic particles and gamma quanta with TeV energies. Each station records a large amount of data, including the signal arrival time and its amplitude. Primary...
The radiation hardness of optical materials and stability of optical properties in aggressive radiation environment is one of crucial issues for the detectors based on the detection of Cherenkov light, such as DIRC(s) at the Electron-Ion Collider at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. This contribution presents the results of radiation hardness tests performed with the following optical...
The upgraded near neutrino detector[1,2,3] of the T2K experiment[4] is briefly described. The central part is the 3D scintillator fine-grained detector (SuperFGD). The detector comprised of about 2 million 1 × 1 × 1 cm3 plastic scintillator cubes with three orthogonal holes for wavelength shifting fiber readout[2,5]. It will be used as an active neutrino target to detect charged particles and...
Hyper-Kamiokande is a new generation of 260 kiloton water Cherenkov detector, construction of which began in 2020. One of the main goals is to search for CP symmetry violation in neutrino oscillations. Hyper-Kamiokande is divided into internal and outer detectors, which are equipped with photomultiplier tubes (PMT). The outer detector (OD) is used as a veto system for incoming charged...
Currently, one of the most significant areas of research in physics is the search for neutrinoless double beta decay. To conduct such studies, it is necessary to minimize the level of the radioactive background of the experiment. The selection of the purest structural materials is necessary, since the achieved background level determines the final sensitivity of the experiment to the studied...
The use of large-area photomultipliers is reasonable in large-volume liquid-scintillation neutrino detectors, such as JUNO or the planned Baksan Large Neutrino Telescope. There are currently two models of 20-inch photomultipliers on the market, the dynode-PMTs Hamamatsu R12680 and the NNVT MCP-PMTs (microchannel plate PMTs), both are used in JUNO. However, despite some advantages of the NNVT...
Liquid scintillators have always been an important part of many experiments in
neutrino physics. The liquid scintillator based on linear alkylbenzene (LAB) is
used in a prototype of Baksan Large Neutrino Telescope, which is proposed to be
constructed at the Baksan Neutrino Observatory. The main disadvantage of liquid
scintillator is the non-linear response to highly ionizing radiation, called...
The availability of the necessary infrastructure is a prerequisite for the proper functioning of the detector, the article describes a magnetic field compensation system and a liquid scintillator purification system for a 5-ton prototype of the Baksan large neutrino telescope. Detectors based on liquid scintillators play an important role in experiments in neutrino physics and particle...
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment is a new generation neutrino project. Its main and ultimate goal is to determine the neutrino mass ordering. To achieve this fundamental milestone, the precise reactor neutrino spectroscopy based on the Inverse Beta Decay reaction will be applied. The approach implies detailed knowledge of all relevant backgrounds in the liquid...
A new Highly Granular Neutron Detector (HGND) is being developed and constructed in order to identify neutrons and to measure their energies from nucleus-nucleus collisions at the BM@N experiment (JINR). The HGND consists of alternating layers of copper absorber plates and matrices of scintillation cells with individual light readout by silicon photomultipliers. The HGND will be used in the...
A modular SrI2(Eu) scintillation ultra-low energy threshold neutrino detector is being developed in INR RAS to research low energy neutrinos produced in radioactive isotope decays and also reactor neutrinos. Proposed layer structure of the detector allows to easily scale it depending on the task. Each layer will consist of 16 modules, each comprising 4 scintillation crystals. Readout of each...
New studies of extremely hot and strongly interacting matter, formed in the collision of relativistic nuclei, are proposed at the currently running Relativistic Heavy- Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), while the colliders like FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) and NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAсility) are being constructed to bring a deeper insight...
The technology of two-phase emission detectors has been introduced into experimental practice at MEPhI 50 years ago. This type of detectors is extremely sensitive to ionization (down to individual electrons), can be used in very massive (on the scale of hundreds of tons) detectors in order to provide high count rate for quite rare events and organize an active shielding from natural...
The electromagnetic calorimeter (ECL) is one of the essential subsystems of the Belle II particle detector. The ECL consists of 8736 CsI(Tl) crystals and is designed to measure direction and momentum of detected particles in high energy range, in the conditions of high beam background. To achieve these objectives, ECL data readout system uses high sampling rate, combined with advanced waveform...
The TUS experiment became the first detector to measure the fluorescent and Cherenkov radiation of extensive atmospheric showers (EAS) in the Earth's atmosphere from space orbit. The main purpose of this experiment was to search for and study ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with energies E > 70 Eev. The TUS detector registered dozens of anomaly events, the origin of which is unclear. During the...
The Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) has a main goal to investigate the hot and dense baryonic matter produced in heavy-ion collisions at the NICA collider [1]. An important subsystem of the MPD detector is the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter (ECal), which allows the high-precision measurement of the spatial coordinates and energy of photons and electrons. ECal consists of 50th half-sectors...
The Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) is a heavy-ion experiment of the NICA complex under construction at JINR, Russia. With heavy-ion collisions in collider and fixed-target modes, MPD will be able to cover the energy range $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.4-11$ GeV and thus study the baryon-rich region of the QCD phase diagram. Commissioning of the MPD detector with Xe/Bi beams is expected in late 2025. The...
A highly-granular neutron detector is currently being developed for the BM@N experiment at JINR, Dubna, Russia, aimed at measuring neutrons produced in nuclear collisions within the energy range of 1-4 AGeV. The detector consists of alternating layers of scintillators and absorbers, with silicon photomultipliers used to capture light signals. Data readout is handled by a single-threshold...
Optical modules which consist of photomultipliers and wavelength shifting (WLS) plates are considered as photosensors for water Cherenkov detectors. A WLS plate absorbs Cherenkov light and reemits it at longer wavelengths. The reemitted light is then detected by a PMT. Such an optical module allows to increase the efficiency of the Cherenkov light detection by a factor of 2 ....
BM@N is the first experiment at the NICA accelerator complex, aimed at studying baryonic matter under high-density conditions. This allows researchers to probe the equation of state (EOS) and explore the properties of this matter, including the potential discovery of new high-density phases. For identifying charged particles in BM@N, two time-of-flight systems, TOF400 and TOF700, are utilized....
This report presents the performance of the scintillation wall detector (ScWall) in the first physics run of the BM@N fixed target experiment with Xe+CsI reaction at 3.8 AGeV. The ScWall detects fragments with charges Z = 1 and Z = 2 in the central small scintillator detectors, while fragments with charges up to Z = 5 are observed in the detectors close to the beam hole. Comparisons with...
The BM@N experiment (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) is a fixed target experiment and the first stage of the NICA project (Nuclotron based Ion Collider fAcility). The experimental facility is designed to explore properties of dense quark matter.
The code for data decoding, track reconstruction and QA is being developed as a part of BmnRoot – a BM@N software framework, based on the FairRoot...
A system of beam detectors for fast analysis of beam ions and projectile spectators in the BM@N experiment was developed and applied in the 2023 BM@N run with $^{124}$Xe ions at energy of 3.8 A GeV and beam intensity up to $10^6$ ions per burst. The basic elements of the detectors are thin scintillators with thickness from 0.15 to 0.5 mm and special PMTs operating in the strong magnetic field...
A method of determining the position of the readout sectors of a time projection chamber using experimental data is proposed. Considering the results of modeling the response of sensitive elements of the time projection chamber of the multipurpose detector (MPD), three types of tracks were reconstructed: cosmic muons, beams of the laser detector system, and muons from the interaction of...
Computer-based simulations of high-energy physics experiments are
critical for obtaining more accurate physics results, yet these simulations
tend to be computationally expensive. Generative Machine Learning (ML) based
approaches offer potential for accelerating the simulation for such experiments.
However, a reduction in quality is often anticipated when comparing these fast...
Tile scintillators are the wide used technology in HEP experiments. The technology implies wavelength shifters (WLS) to collect light from a tile and guide it toward a photomultiplier and provides homogeneous readout from tiles with low dependence on tile shape and size. For this purpose, WLSs must provide appropriate light transportation along with good light trapping efficiency and time...
The DEAP-3600 experiment uses a modern coordinate reconstruction algorithm that utilizes machine learning. This algorithm performed well compared to likelihood-based approaches. Here we validate our neural network based algorithm on data obtained using $^{241}$Am-$^{9}$Be radioactive source. The results obtained confirm algorithm validity.
BM@N is a fixed target experiment at the Nuclotron in Dubna, JINR. It is designed to study heavy ion collisions at beam energies up to 4 A GeV. Some of the important observables in this experiment are the spectra and the yields of neutrons. The Highly Granular Neutron Detector (HGND) is being developed to address experimental difficulties in measuring neutrons with kinetic energies 0.5 - 4...
The Highly Granular Neutron Detector (HGND) is now developed and constructed to measure the yields and flow of neutrons produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions in the BM@N experiment at the NICA accelerator complex at JINR (Dubna) to study the equation of state of nuclear matter at high baryon densities. The HGHD will be composed of multiple longitudinally alternating absorber and high...
The BM@N experiment, located at the Nuclotron facility in Dubna at the Joint
Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), is a fixed-target experiment designed to
investigate heavy ion collisions at beam energies up to 4 A GeV. A novel Highly
Granular Neutron Detector (HGND) is being designed and constructed for the
experiment to measure neutron spectra and yields using time-of flight method in
the...
The new high granular time-of-flight neutron detector (HGND) is being developed for the BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) experiment to identify neutrons and to measure their energies in heavy-ion collisions at ion beam energies up to 4 AGeV. The HGND consists of about 2000 scintillator detectors (cells) with a size of $40\times40\times25\ \text{mm}^3$ and with individual light readout with...
