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The paper presents analysis of showers with energy E = 5-50 EeV and zenith angle less than 60 degrees. A quantitative estimate was obtained for muons with a threshold greater than 1 GeV at different distances from the shower axis, and the fraction of muons at a distance of 600 m from the axis. An empirical relationship was found between the fraction of muons and the longitudinal development of the shower — with the depth of the development maximum $X_{max}$. The dependence of the average depth of the maximum of the cascade curve $X_{max}$ on the shower energy E was found. The fluctuations of $X_{max}$ were estimated at fixed energies. Experimental data and calculations by the QGSJETII-04 model for a proton and an iron nucleus were used to estimate the mass composition of cosmic rays of highest energies.
